Lottery is a game in which numbered tickets are sold and prizes (typically cash) are drawn at random. State governments often sponsor such games, whose popularity depends partly on their perceived ability to raise money for public services. Generally, lottery revenues increase rapidly after they are introduced, then level off or even decline. To keep ticket sales up, lotteries introduce new games on a regular basis.
In the early days of American democracy, the founding fathers were big believers in the power of the lottery to generate public funds for various purposes. Benjamin Franklin ran a lottery to raise funds to build Philadelphia’s Faneuil Hall, and George Washington used one to finance a road over a mountain pass in Virginia.
The principal argument in favor of state lotteries is that they produce revenue without requiring a general tax increase or cutting essential public services. This is an appealing claim during times of economic stress. But studies show that the objective fiscal condition of a state government does not strongly affect whether or when a lottery is adopted.
Criticism of state lotteries tends to focus on specific features of their operations. For example, critics often cite evidence that lottery advertising is misleading, with exaggerated information about winning probabilities and inflating the value of jackpot prizes (which are usually paid in annual installments over 20 years, with inflation dramatically eroding their current worth). They also cite problems related to compulsive gambling and alleged regressive impacts on lower-income groups.